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1. The Setting (At the Deer Park in Isipatana, Benares)
English Translation
Thus have I heard: On one occasion the Blessed One was dwelling near Benares in the Deer Park at Isipatana. There the Blessed One addressed the group of five bhikkhus:
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2. The Two Extremes to be Avoided (Sensual Indulgence & Self-Mortification)
English Translation
Bhikkhus, these two extremes ought not to be cultivated by one who has gone forth: That which is devoted to sensual pleasures in desires—low, vulgar, worldly, ignoble, unprofitable; and that which is devoted to self-mortification—painful, ignoble, unprofitable.
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3. The Middle Path (The Noble Eightfold Path)
English Translation
Avoiding both these extremes, bhikkhus, the Tathāgata has realized the Middle Path, which gives vision, gives knowledge, and leads to peace, to direct insight, to supreme awakening, to Nibbāna. And what, bhikkhus, is that Middle Path? It is this Noble Eightfold Path, namely: Right View, Right Intention, Right Speech, Right Action, Right Livelihood, Right Effort, Right Mindfulness, and Right Concentration. This, bhikkhus, is that Middle Path realized by the Tathāgata, which gives vision, gives knowledge, and leads to peace, to direct insight, to supreme awakening, to Nibbāna.
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4. The Noble Truth of Suffering (Dukkha Ariyasacca)
English Translation
Now this, bhikkhus, is the Noble Truth of Suffering: Birth is suffering, aging is suffering, death is suffering; sorrow, lamentation, pain, grief, and despair are suffering; association with the unloved is suffering; separation from the loved is suffering; not getting what one wishes for is suffering; in brief, the five grasping-aggregates are suffering.
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5. The Noble Truth of the Origin of Suffering (Craving)
English Translation
Now this, bhikkhus, is the Noble Truth of the Origin of Suffering: It is this craving which leads to renewed existence, accompanied by delight and lust, seeking enjoyment here and there; that is: craving for sensual pleasures (kāmataṇhā), craving for existence/becoming (bhavataṇhā), and craving for non-existence/annihilation (vibhavataṇhā).
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6. The Noble Truth of the Cessation of Suffering (Nirodha / Nibbāna)
English Translation
Now this, bhikkhus, is the Noble Truth of the Cessation of Suffering: It is the remainderless fading away and cessation of that very craving, the giving up and relinquishing of it, freedom from it, and non-reliance on it.
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7. The Noble Truth of the Way Leading to Cessation (The Eightfold Path)
English Translation
Now this, bhikkhus, is the Noble Truth of the Way Leading to the Cessation of Suffering: It is this Noble Eightfold Path, namely: Right View, Right Intention, Right Speech, Right Action, Right Livelihood, Right Effort, Right Mindfulness, and Right Concentration.
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8. The Twelvefold Vision of the Four Noble Truths (The Three Turnings)
English Translation
Bhikkhus, regarding teachings unheard before: "This is the Noble Truth of Suffering"—vision arose, knowledge arose, wisdom arose, true knowledge arose, light arose. "This Noble Truth of Suffering is to be fully understood" ... "has been fully understood"—vision arose, knowledge arose, wisdom arose, true knowledge arose, light arose. (Likewise for the Origin to be abandoned, Cessation to be realized, and the Path to be developed).
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9. The Blessed One Declares Supreme Enlightenment
English Translation
So long, bhikkhus, as my vision and knowledge of these Four Noble Truths—with their three phases and twelve aspects—was not thoroughly purified, I did not claim to have awakened to supreme full enlightenment in this world with its devas, Māras, and Brahmās. But when my vision and knowledge was thoroughly purified, then I claimed supreme awakening. And knowledge and vision arose in me: "Unshakeable is my liberation of mind; this is my final birth; now there is no more renewed existence."
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10. Venerable Kondañña Obtains the Dhamma Eye
English Translation
Thus spoke the Blessed One. Delighted, the group of five bhikkhus rejoiced in the Blessed One’s words. And while this discourse was being delivered, there arose in Venerable Kondañña the dustless, stainless Dhamma Eye: "Whatever is subject to origination is all subject to cessation."
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11. The Unstoppable Wheel of Truth & The Devas' Acclamation
English Translation
And when the Wheel of Dhamma had been set rolling by the Blessed One, the earth-dwelling devas raised a shout: "At Benares in the Deer Park at Isipatana, the unexcelled Wheel of Dhamma has been set in motion by the Blessed One, and it cannot be stopped by any ascetic, brahmin, deva, Māra, Brahmā, or anyone in the world!" The acclaim echoed upward from realm to realm through all heavenly abodes to the Brahma worlds. The ten-thousandfold world system shook, and an immeasurable, sublime radiance appeared in the universe.
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12. The Blessed One's Exclamation: "Koṇḍañña Has Understood!"
English Translation
Then the Blessed One uttered this joyful exclamation: "Koṇḍañña has indeed understood! Koṇḍañña has indeed understood!" And that is how Venerable Koṇḍañña acquired the name "Aññā Koṇḍañña"—Koṇḍañña Who Has Understood.
